Solar panels for trail cameras typically range from 2W to 12W. The panel charges an internal or external battery during daylight hours, and the camera runs off that stored energy. Key factors:

• Peak sun hours vary by latitude and season. Southern states get 5-7 peak hours in summer, while northern states may get only 2-3 hours in winter.
• Canopy cover dramatically reduces solar output. A panel under heavy tree cover may produce only 20-30% of its rated output.
• Panel angle matters. Aim the panel south (Northern Hemisphere) and angle it roughly equal to your latitude for best year-round performance.
• Cloud cover reduces output by 50-80% on overcast days. Our calculator uses average conditions.